Primrose Hill

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Post to the north Belsize Park

Post to the west Swiss Cottage

Post to the south St.John's Wood

Post to the east (three sections) includes Kentish Town West

Adelaide Road

Some attractive villas erected prior to 1853 on land belonging to the former London and North- Western Railway

Supposed to have been part of ring road but in the end big council estate built.  1965

Nature Reserve along the railway line

Group Medical Practice.  By Pentarch, a later addition of 1992, sited over a car park and approached like a ship by a gangway from the street.  

Regents Park Marriott Hotel.  Was Holiday Inn. Part of the original scheme by Dennis Lennon & Partners; 

Eastern Tyburn crosses it, Western Tyburn down it

52 Pinwell

86 Pinwell

143 Eton Tavern

Adelaide Tavern

St.Saviour

Franklin D Roosevelt School special school L.C.C

Ainger Road

Boundary of St.John's parish; Ainger was Vicar of St.John's 1841; 1863 clerical and schools.

Antrim Grove

15 Survivor of rural villas. A small house of c. 1820,

Antrim Road

Library. Rebuilt 1934-7 by H.A. Gould and R. de W Aldridge. , with apsidal reading room, and pantiled roof

Beaumont Walk

44 houses and flats. 1976 by the G.L.C. Architect's Department (J. Bancroft, D. Parris, N. Handi. 

Berkley Grove

on the northern side of Berkley Road, between the terrace of 1860 houses, and the backs of houses in Chalcot Square. It is not visibly named and contains a variety of small works and factories. The Grove seems to have been commercial from the first.

Endolithic Ivory Marble Company  on Goad's Insurance Map of 1900

J. Sell & Son, builder, on the right hand side In 1900

Berkley Road

Northern boundary of old pleasure gardens. as such was present, though unnamed and without houses, in the parish map of 1849. The 1860 map shows the road clearly and named. The name seems to have no local significance and may be just an attempt to achieve Mayfair elegance. Its first houses were known as Norfolk Terrace.

Chalk Farm Baptist Chapel. The foundation stone of the building was laid on 13 June 1870 :     and it was opened on 15 February 1871, with a capacity of 850 seats. In 1957, the building was reconstructed after  bomb damage and a bottle was found under the foundation stone, containing a copy of the Camden &Kentish Town Gazelle, forerunner of the North I.ondon Press.

2, post-war     rebuilding on a pair of bombed sites.

8 a small organ factory, owned in 1884 by H. T. Widlake, Organ Builder. Rintoul Bros., Piano Makers, occupied it from 1911 to 1935 —a firm which also had premises in Patshull Road, Kentish Town — and from 1935 to 1960 Lambert London manufactured pianos there. The building, now called Haico House, is still in business

Bridge Road?

Calvert Street

Calverts   the   brewers who owned Chalk Farm Tavern

Chalcot Gardens

Eton College developments, 35 acres Chalcot estate.   Plans in the late 1820s but plans redrawn 1840s by John Shaw. College Surveyor. Reduced the size of the plots dramatically. Middle class Victorian values.

15 studio by Huxley for Hal Ludlow, 1883, half-timbered 

16 1881 with front and back additions by Voysey for Adolphus Whalley. Plaque to Arthur Rackham who had a  studio here from 1903.  says 'illustrator lived here'. 

Chalk Farm

Marked thus on the Ordnance Survey map of 1822, named from ‘Choidecote’ 1253, ‘Caldecote’ c.1400, ‘Chakote’ 1593, ‘Chat’ 1746, that is 'the cold cottage(s)', from Old English ‘ceald’ and ‘cot’.  Names identical in origin to this one, usually still spelt ‘Caldecote’ or ‘Chalcote’, occur in most English counties, but their precise significance is uncertain: they may refer to dwellings which are poorly built or which stand in exposed locations, or even to inhospitable spots to which malefactors were once banished. It will be noted that the 'worn- down' form ‘Chalk’ appears relatively late; on the 1822 Ordnance Survey map the old form ‘Chalcott’ still appears beside ‘Chalk Farm’, these representing the two farms known in the 17th century as Upper & Lower Chalcot. In 1822, just before much development took place, they are still both surrounded by open land. The soil here is clay, this emphasizing the fact that the transformation of the original name is due only to phonetic changes and folk etymology!

Land owned by Eton College. sundry devout men of London in the time of Edward I gave land at Westminster and at Hendon, Chalcote and Hampstead to the Leper Hospital dedicated to St James near Whitehall. Henry VI in 1449 gave the hospital and its lands to his newly founded Eton College, and in 1531 Henry VIII seized the hospital  and  pensioned  off the fourteen leprous Sisters who occupied it. He kept the land at Westminster and started to build St James's Palace on the site of the Hospital, but allowed Eton to retain the outlying lands. As far as Chalcote is concerned these were in Hampstead around Primrose Hill, except for one field on the south of the hill, which was half in St Pancras and half in St Marylebone. Lower Chalcotts Farm.. Was ‘Chalcotts Estate’ corrupted to ‘Chales farm’. Derives its name from Chalcots, an estate owned by Eton College, which began to make plans for the area in the 1820s, although nothing was built until c. 1840. The long straight streets lined with respectable but plain mid-Victorian villas terraces were never very exciting, and much was rebuilt later. Up to that time Chalk Farm had been a country district, and here was some of the most charming scenery to be found near London, extending from Chalk Farm to Hampstead and from Hampstead to Highgate, consisting of sloping fields and woods, including the Belsize, Chalcotts, and Eton College Estates. When this country was cut up for building in 1853 it was suggested that a boulevard a hundred yards wide, with rows of trees, and lined with elegant villas, should be constructed through these estates from Primrose Hill to Hampstead Heath. If this could have been done it would have formed one of the grandest pieces of urban scenery in the kingdom. But unfortunately it was too late, for Eton College had already laid out its fields to the back of Chalk Farm. Chalcotts was being built over. And the Dean and Chapter of Westminster had planned the imposing new villa town of Belsize which intersected the proposed boulevard

16 1881 A.Voysey Arthur Rackham

Chamberlain Street

Built in 1850s as Bernard Street named changed 1855. a short cul-de-sac off Regent's Park Road, the blunt end of the street being on the old St Pancras borough boundary. It is suggested in London Street Names that the name commemorates a James Bradley Chamberlain, who was an optician in High Holborn and was admitted as a tenant of the Manor of Tottenham Court, in respect of some land near Chalk Farm, in 1860. The street is so symmetrical, it must represent the work of one builder. The houses are adorned with iron railings and the familiar porch pillars of the period.

Costello Road?

Railway tunnel.

Eglon Mews

opens into Berkley Road at the side of the Baptist chapel. Its construction was proposed in 1867 by a Mr Berrill. The 1870 Ordnance Survey map shows the central space occupied by stables, which had another access eastwards into St George's Square (now Chalcot Square). By 1900, this latter exit had disappeared and the stables were converted

1-7 These original  buildings are now modernised and form houses to a motor car works

Elsworthy Road

St Paul Church Of England School 1972-6, in landscaped grounds

England's Lane

This was the lane going to Upper Chalcots Farm. An old lane which became a small shopping street in the later c19, with stuccoed terraces.  Terraces of houses to the north of it in the 1820s.

32 Basilisk Press

50 Washington

Erskine Mews

Built in 1884.  Stables and small businesses then

Erskine Road

Named Hampstead's resident. Lord Erskine (1750-1823). He once lived in Kentish Town, then Erskine House, adjoining Spaniards Inn from 1788. A lawyer and Lord Chancellor in 1806. old St Pancras boundary cut across Erskine Road between No. 1 and the Chalk Farm Tavern, so originally in the Eton Estate in Hampstead.

Hindley and Son, cabinet makers on north side until 1892, Building then used by John Malcolm Reed Organ Manufacturers burnt down, included an iron chapel and one of the original houses of the area

Chalk Farm Tavern. Tavern Yard is behind auto-engineers.

Area of gardens in front Berkeley Road/ Chalcot Square/ Sharpleshall Street, bandstand

Eton College Road

Cumming development of Chalcot estate for Eton College. As Eton Road

Eton Road

These smaller middle-class villas built in the 1840s-50s, reminiscent of   Nash's earlier Park Villages and the contemporary St John’s Wood, reflect the more refined taste of the Eton Estate surveyor John Shaw Jun. 

St.Saviour. The body of the church is of 1855-6 by E M. Barry, his first independent work. 

Hall, 1967-8, By D S. Martin octagonal and of brown brick.

Vicarage 1972-3.  By D S. Martin octagonal and of brown brick.

6 Robertson

156 S.Sov nondescript

Wellington House

South Hampstead United Synagogue, 1962 by H.J. Georghiou.

Eton Villas

Chalcot Estate development for Eton College by Cumming. As Eton Road

Grafton Terrace?

9 Marx

Haverstock Hill

129-133 a taller group, brick above stucco, with projecting pedimented centre, is part of the same development.

148 Crown Lodge  a small Grecian villa of the earlier c19, with stuccoed front, paterae and  pilasters, an isolated survival among the usual main road mixture of late Victorian houses and c20 flats.

Load of Hay.  handsome Italianate pub. This pub was the focus for what was a settlement called Haverstock Hill rather than it just being a road. Rebuilt in 1863.

Seventh Day Adventist. Formerly Oxendon Presbyterian, 1877 by Thomas Arnold.

Cottages around junction with England’s Lane were the village of Haverstock Hill. Replaced by artists’ studios in the 19th.

Howitt Road

9 home of Ramsay Macdonald. 1866-1937. Plaque saying: ‘Prime Minister, lived here 1916-1925'’ . 

Lamble Street?

Housing

London City Mission

Lancaster Grove

Fire Station. 1914-15, by C. C. Winmill,one wing with firemen's quarters, the other with garages, a powerful brick hose and water tower marking the junction. 

Maitland Park Road

Maitland Park was named after Ebenezer Maitland chairman of an orphanage which stood here among open fields until 1848 when it moved to Haverstock Hill. The Southampton family landowners planned an upmarket estate here but ended up building working class housing at high densities.  Some Co-operative building schemes like the Friends of Labour 1866. Maitland Park Cricket club opened in 1899.

1 gone, Karl Marx also at Grafton Terrace also demolished. 1845-55

Maitland Park Estate. London County Council flats from the 1960s

Alexandra Orphanage 1881;

Almshouses Tudor

1832/32; W.Morris lived here when called Maitland Villas.

Primrose Hill

In the eighteenth century the area belonged to the Chalcots, Eton College, and also called Battle and Greenberry Hill.  Green, Hill and Berry in 1670 were found guilty of a murder of Sir E.B.Godfrey who had heard Titus Oates in Popish Plot trial.  Used by St.Pancras volunteers for target practice.  In the Nineteenth century used by duellists.  In the 1840s Lord Southampton had proposed to build a cemetery here and pressure was put on the Government to create a park instead. An Act to form the park was passed in 1842 and the Crown acquired some 60 acres from Eton and Lord Southampton, his contribution being the plots down Primrose Hill west of his new road. The park was finished in 1847. In 1847 there was a gym or Turnrein - lots of famous acrobats trained there and in 1882 a rifle range.  Closed 1964.  Oak tree on the hill to commemorate Shakespeare birth - successor to that burnt in 1844 by S.Phelps.  V2.  Managed by HM Office of Works

Marked thus on the Ordnance Survey map of 1822, earlier ‘Prymrose Hill’ 1586, self-explanatory, 'hill where primroses grow'. In the 16th century the hill, which reaches 206 ft, was still meadowland. Primrose bank planted.  

Railway Tunnel. South of Adelaide Road tunnel with big towers by Robert Stephenson with contractors Jackson and Seddon.  For the line from Euston. Stone portal by W.H. Budden, 1837, with sunburst rustication flanked massive Italianate towers and curved wing walls. There were considerable construction problems and it eventually cost double to the original estimate. The tunnel and its portals were duplicated in 1879, so the electric suburban lines of c. 1920 can burrow beneath.

Railway Cutting. It is about 20 ft below the surface built in brick and bedded on concrete. There were some problems after it was finished and some shoring and drainage was necessary – iron struts had to be put in although they have since been moved.

Panic at Chalk Farm. The Martian cylinders containing the destructive monsters land smack into the middle of Camden and the Martians establish a massive redoubt upon the top of Primrose Hill, within easy range of H G Wells's lodgings at Fitzroy and Mornington Roads. There are extraordinarily vivid descriptions of the ensuing panic as thousands of people attempt to board trains at Chalk Farm or stream up Haverstock Hill to escape the Martians' heat ray and poisonous black gas

Primrose Hill Road,

Although the road was started at the north end in the 1860s, it did not get through to Regent's Park Road until the late 1870s and this, no doubt, is why St George's Terrace has its private approach road. The block of flats. The Boundary was adjusted to put all of the Zoo into Westminster. Regents built in little bulge of Marylebone Park, Guerrier

2 Ranee of Sarawak

4 Hill View flats marks the site of No. 4, which was for many years the home of two popular stage personalities, Fred Terry (brother of Ellen Terry) and Julia Neilson, his wife and partner. For the first quarter of this century the couple starred together in London and on repeated provincial tours in romantic costume dramas, the best remembered being The Scarlet Pimpernel. In the 1960s an attempt was made by the British Theatre Museum Association to replace the magnolia tree, which had been a feature of the front garden of No. 4 before the house was demolished, but the young tree and the bronze plaque recalling the Terry connection fell victim to local vandals.  House for ballerina Tamara Karsavina.  St.Pancras Borough day nursery.  Changed after Queen Victoria's marriage

9 was bombed

10 Tallulah Bankhead

16 Gert and Daisy Walters and Jack Warner

16a MacNeice 

First turning on the left is a footbridge over the canal leading to the outer circle

Gymnasium plus wooden shed where monument to Queen Victoria was carved

London County Council, Nuffield in 1969

Most of terrace leased to Nuffield

St Mary, 1870-2 by M. P. Manning, on a site given by the Eton College Estate. 

'The Prince' added by London County Council in 1937.

Water Meeting Bridge, because of Cumberland branch, rebuilt in 1961

Primrose Gardens

Provost Road

Part of Eton College’s Chalcot estate. 1840s Samuel Cumming erected houses. Robust charm. As Eton Road

Regent's Park Road

Before the early 1830s and the arrival of the London and Birmingham Railway, the lane to Chalk Farm Tavern had only three other houses on it on the north side — Bianca Lodge, Bow Cottage and Montrose House. The land containing these houses was purchased by the railway company and they have all gone. Bianca Lodge was pulled down to make way for King Henry's Road to join Regent's Park Road in the 1860s.Terraces from 1850s

Chalk Farm Tavern stands just inside the borders of the old Parish of St Pancras, on the spot where the old tavern stood for some hundreds of years. Its early history is obscure: apparently in the eighteenth century it was 'allowed by tradition to have been the country residence of Ben Jonson', while the Survey of London says that the Manor House of Rugmere 'doubtless stood on the site of the Old Chalk Farm Tavern'. These claims seem insubstantial, but there is no doubt that the tavern was once also a farm, approached by a lane leading from the Hampstead Road to Primrose Hill and known as Lower Chalcot.  ‘Chaldecote’ means cold cottages, named by Eton College and became the estate of Chalcotts  corrupted to ‘Chales Farm’, and later to ‘Chalk Farm’ owned by the Rhodes family.. - Lower Chalcote became an inn called ‘White House’ – in 1678 it was also called Farm House and In the 17th century it was used as pleasure gardens. Steele lived there in 1712 because he was wanted for debts.  There were duels, dead navvies etc.  At the back was a row of trees where duellists could retire in the shelter after ordering breakfast in the tavern. In 1834 is was rebuilt as Chalk Farm tavern, beer garden, etc. reBuilt in 1853 replacing the larger original. In the 1970s briefly called Pub Lotus beause of motor racing. n 1678 the tavern makes its first appearance, when the missing magistrate. Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey, was found murdered in a ditch at the foot of Primrose Hill. His body was taken to the White House, which can be identified as Chalk Farm. At the time it is described as an ale house, with no accommodation there. Primrose Hill it became a favourite resort for holiday outings and political meetings, and the White House acquired the name of Chalk House Farm.  The first licensee in the Records is Joshua Deane in 1732. In 1751 Edward Hipwood wais licensed for the Crown at Chalk House Tile Kilns. By 1760 the inn is called the Stag and Hounds, but in 1790, Thomas Rutherford was licensed at the Chalk Farm Tea Gardens. In  1785 the grass farm of Chalk House Farm acres with the public house, the Old Stag and Hounds was sold with three large barns, being in the occupation of Thomas and Samuel Rhodes.  Primrose Hill’s holiday makers, could enter the grounds through the arch, a favourite feature of inn gardens at this date For entertainment other than drinking, there were foot races and boxing and wrestling matches. There are accounts of many duels, involving mostly military. Highwaymen in the lanes and roads around Chalk Farm were another risk. regiments of Volunteers regularly marched to Chalk Farm and practised shooting at a stone target on the side of Primrose Hill from firing points near the tavern in Sparks's time the hap- hazard group of buildings at the north east end was demolished and a short simple wing, with three arched windows leading on to a balcony with colonnade under, was built instead. Calverts were the brewers. Chalk Farm Tavern and its gardens were put up as one lot for sale in 1840, although now separated by the new road which was to become Regent's Park Road.     By the mid sixties the brewers evidently decided that there was more money in building plots than in garden entertainments, and the gardens were sold off for building.  Their site is represented by the  enclosure within Regent's Park Road.

Tile kilns demolished in 1756, when the materials were sold; they were evidently close to the tavern.

Primrose Tavern opened 1846. fifty yards down the road. Its clients were said to be the roughest sort of people but it seemed to be popular and surprisingly closed down in 1853, just when it might have stolen the trade of the Chalk Farm Tavern. This was demolished completely in 1853 and rebuilt in ays  1854 as the building which exists today.

105, now a cafe, was the local post office with chemist attached and by 1884 had a dentist on the premises as well.

109 was a bakery for most of its life, became the local public library from the 1950s and is now an antique shop.

109a chapel of the Boys Home. New residents were welcomed to the Home's religious services, built around 1872, was converted into a club called The Howff, then became commercial premises

110 lived Thomas R. Way until his death in 1913. He was a lithographer of some note, who produced and illustrated various books on old London buildings and had assisted his father as lithographer to Whistler

111 Essex Villa 1854 became the superintendent's house on the boys home in the 1880s. an original house built in the  new road in 1854

115 to 117, flats in building of 1865 The Boys' Home for the Training and Maintenance of Destitute Boys not Convicted of Crime. Previously The Boys' Home for the Maintenance by their own Labour of Destitute Boys not Convicted of Crime; it moved from 44 Euston Road, because of the extension of the Midland Railway line. Founded in 1858 by two philanthropists, named Bell. It was a lively place, training 150 boys at a time in useful occupations. Many of them emigrated to the Colonies.  They marched with their band to Primrose Hill, where they exercised and played football matches. In 1982 the buildings were heightened and given extra windows to house a block of flats.

118, on the  corner of Rothwell Street, was the home of Count Richard Rainshaw, Marquess de Rothwell. He lived here at the end of his life and his niece, Martha Horley, lived next door at No. 120.

122 A blue plaque erected by the GLC in recent years to commemorate Friedrich Engels, political philosopher and friend of Karl Marx. 

126 was a dairy, first belonging to W. Newman, who also had premises in Albany Street; it later housed a branch of United Dairies.

128 began as premises for a pianoforte manufacturer, George Youatt, but this can only have been showrooms or a components factory as there is hardly room for any serious piano building: it is now a health food shop.

130 Miss Finlay described in the 1874 Directory as an ostrich feather manufacturer but, by 1884, she is merely a dyer and  cleaner.

134 started life as a Ladies' Outfitters, turned to plumbing in the 1890s and, after many changes, became Primrose Hill Books, selling books old and new and Camden History publications.

142 has remained a wine and spirit merchant's since it first opened.

146 a shop in the terrace which has kept its original function as a chemist

152 was originally a builder's, but by 1904 was recorded as Yeomans. fruiterer, so this is a long established shop.

156 is recorded in the 1874 Directory as Henry A. Lovell, oil and colourman. Today this would be called an ironmongery, so this shop has retained its original function from the time of building. Richard John Welsh took over the shop at the turn of the century.

158 was a butcher's continuously until, sadly, it closed in the 1970s.

162 ex-post office

166 started life as a house agents's, Ekins & Broderick, and has returned to this use in recent years.

172-146, opposite Chalk Farm Tavern, which were built in the late 1860s on the former tavern gardens.

172 was originally a cheesemonger's and so has changed little, as it is now a grocer's.

174-182- late 1840s and early 1850s, known as Northumberland Terrace. The plot on which these houses stand was bought at the 1840 Southampton Estate sale by Thomas Pocock, relation of Basset. These houses have always been residential and are now mostly converted into flats

184- 192- constitute a fine terrace of five large houses with basements

194 one of the remaining semi-detached villa by Henry Bassett,

196 original villa frequently a doctor's residence: its single storey extension was built around 1890 remaining semi-detached villa by Henry Bassett,

Garage building of the 1920s fronts Bow Cottage, one of the original houses in the lane, was incorporated in the Boys Home as the Infirmary. Prettier, circular front garden with a fountain became the main yard of the Home.  Bow Cottage demolished following a fire in 1972

The Queen's, opened 1854

Rothwell Street

narrow, with terraces of pretty, classical houses on each side, obviously the work of one builder. The site was purchased about 1861 by the Marquess de Rothwell, his address being given as Mornington Road, Camden Town, as well as Sharpies Hall He began building in 1862 and the street was very respectable from the outset.

3 Dr Charles Read, who lived here in the early 1870s, later moved to a larger house in Chalcot Square

Sharpeshall Street

Southern boundary of pleasure gardens at their junction with old Chalk Farm Tavern's shooting ground, which stretched towards Primrose Hill. The street was built in 1862 by Count Richard Rainshaw, Marquess de Rothwell, who named it after his home in Lancashire, Sharpies Hall at Bolton le Moors. Richard Rainshaw Rothwell (1808-90) was a barrister and was given his unlikely sounding title in I860 by the King of Italy.  Original 1862 houses remain on the southern side of the street but the northern side has been largely reconstructed.  It can be seen that  the houses on the other side were designed to have shops on the ground floor and in the 1872 Directory we find a fruiterer, dyer, house decorator, haberdasher and saddler at Nos.  1, 2, 4, 5 and 7. So it may be that original shop fronts were later replaced by domestic front doors and windows.

Sharpeshall Mews. is always shown on maps as livery stables with dwellings above: it is now occupied by a small billiard-table factory

Camden Libraries branch.  Opened in 1961, it replaced a terrace of shops with dwellings over.

St.George's Mews

The first recorded occupant of St George's Mews was J. Sell, carpenter, in 1854 — perhaps the founder of the builders in Berkley Grove. 

1 built as a forge

St.George’s Terrace

looks onto the green acres of Primrose Hill and consists of imposing houses of three floors plus a basement, with their own private road and strip of communal gardens bordering Primrose Hill Road. The Terrace was built in the early 1850s in a style grander than its neighbours. Primrose Hill Road did not get through to Regent's Park Road until the late 1870s and this, no doubt, is why St George's Terrace has its private approach road

10 -11 The widow of Lord Byron is said to have died in one of the houses in 1860:

11 Monkhouse

letter box double Victorian graces the corner

Steele's Road

Area where Steele’s country retreat stood 18th. Development are mostly by Batterbury & Huxley, studios at the back, 

28 Gothic and gabled

5 Steele's Studios Batterbury & Huxley, 1876, a studio house

Steele’s Mews

Arches but much rebuilt behind

Wychcombe Studios curious oasis. By Batterbury, 1879-80, with three studio blocks around a little garden.

Wadham Gardens

Site of Eton and Middlesex Cricket Ground.  Developed from 1895; large detached houses by Willetts. Profusion of patterned tile hangings. 


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